Improvement in rolling-mills



lNrTE STATESv QATENT OFFICE.

JOHN A. BAILEY, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR To JAMES f HORNER ANDJAMES LUDLUM, or NEW YORK, N. Y.

lMPROVENIENT IN ROLLING-MILLS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 19,963., dated April13, 1858.

'hereby declare that the following is a full,

clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to theaccompanying drawings, making a part of this specification, in which-.-

Figure l is a vertical section of a rollingmill with my improvement,taken in a plane which passes through the axes ot" both rollers, butleaving the rollers entire. Fig. 2 is avertical section taken at rightangles to Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a transverse section of one ot' the journalsofthe lower roller and of the two eccentrics which are thereto appliedand which constitute my invention. Fig. 4 is an end view of thelowerroller with its eccentrics. Figs. 5, G, 7, and S are diagrams of' theoperation of the invention.

Similar letters ot reference denote like parts in all the figures.

This invention relates to the application of.

eccentrics to the journals ot one roller ot the pair Or set employed ina rolling-mill in such a manner as to effect the rolling ot articles ofmore or less taper form, as file-blanks or articles of parallel form, asmay be desired.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I willproceed to describe its construction and operation.

'A A are the two rollers of the mill, which are intended to be similarin all essential features to the rollers commonly employed and to begeared together in the usual manner; but their gearing does not requireto be and is not shownin the drawings, as it is supposed tobe wellunderstood.

B B are the housings-ot` the rollers. The lower roller A does not workin fixed bearings in the housings; but its journals a. a, which areconcentric to its periphery, are fitted each with an eccentric C, inwhich it is capable ot turning freely, and to the exterior of which isfitted a second eccentric D. These eccentrics C D consist ot metalsleeves whose exteriors and interiors are cylindrical but e'ccentric toeach other; but both C andD have the same degree of eccentricity. When.these eccentrics are applied to the journals, Jthe exteriors of theouter eccentrics D may be brought to a condition concentric to thejournals or ot any degree of eccentricity thereto not greater thandouble theveccentricity of the single eccentrics by turning eithereccentric of each pair C D, the said condition ot' concentricity beingproduced by Setting the eccentricities ofthe eccentrics C D indiametrically-opposite directions, and the greatest eccentricity bysetting the eccentricities of both in the same direction, and the lesserdegrees of eccentricity by shitting the eccentrics to the intermediaterelative positions. Each pair of eccentrics C D is capable ot' beingsecured firmly together by screwbolts b h, which nass through a ange con the exterior of C and screw into nuts CZ d, which are fitted into acavity in D and retained therein by tongues c e, which are formed uponthem in such a manner as to enter a groove turned in the back part ofthe cavity, as shown in Fig. l. By s-lackening the screw-bolts h h theeccentrics are left free to turn relatively to each other foradjustment, and by tightening the screws they can be secured together inany relative position. The Harige cis concentric to the exterior ot' theeccentric C and fits up to a shoulder in the cavity or" the eccentric D,which is concentric to the cylindrical interior of the latter. rlhecylindrical exterior of each outer eccentric D is tted to a stationarybearing in the housings in the same manner as the journals of the lowerroller are fitted in an ordinary rolling-mill, and cach ot` saideccentrics is turnished with a spur-gear f, which is concentric to itscylindrical exterior and which gears with one of two pinions g on ashaft E. The caps h 7l. of the bearings of the eccentrics D D contain orsupport the bearings for the journals of the upper roller. i

The operation ot' rolling articles of taper f'orm-as, for insta-nce,taper tile-blanks-in this machine is produced by setting the two pairsof eccentrics and securing them together, as hereinbefore described,with the cylindrical exteriors of D D at a proper degree of eccentricityto the journals datand giving the eccentrics a rotary motion at thesaine time. This rotary motion causes the lower roller to approach orrecede from the upper one,which it is evident must produce a taper formon the article rolled between them. The taper form thus produced is not,however, straight-sided, but curved, as shown in Figs. 5, 6, and 7. Thedegree of taper is to a certain extent varied by varying theeccentricity of the rollers; but the variation thus obtained is limited,and further variation has to be obtained by Varying the velocity of therotary motion of the eccentrics relatively to that of the rollers. Theformer method of effecting the variation will be readily understood, butthe latter requires alittle explanation. Suppose, for instance,theeccentrics make the same number of revolutions as the lower rollers,the length to which the taper could be extended would only be equal tohalf the circumference of the rollers, as the entire revolution wouldproduce the form shown in Fig. 8; but as of the taper form produced bythe half-revolution one-half has a concave Vand the other a convexprofile, as will be seen by reference to Fig. l, the taper cannot beextended in the proper form for taper file-blanks or similar articlesrepresented in Fig. beyond a length equal to onefourth the circumferenceof the rollers Without diminishing the speed of the eccentrics; but bydiminishing the speed the taper may be extended to the length ofthe halfor whole circumference of the rollers or even of several times thecircumference, though the maximum and minimum thicknesses will be thesame; or by making the velocity of the eccentric greater than that ofthe rollers the length of the taper will be diminished. The effects ofreducing and increasing the velocity of the eccentrics relatively tothat of the rollers are illustrated in Figs. 6 and 7 and will beappreciated by comparing those figures with Fig. 5.

This mode of applying eccentrics to the journals of one of the rollersof a rolling-mill may be employed for rolling many forms. For instance,any portion of a form like Fig.

8 can be produced or a series of connected repetitions of a form of the'same character as that figure, or by an intermittent motion of theeccentrics a variety of forms maybe produced. I

If the revolution of the eccentrcs be suspended, the rollers willproduce a parallel form, as the journals a ct then rotate in theeccentrics C C, as in stationary bearings, 0r if the eccen'trics be setso as to make the exteriors of D D concentric to the journals a parallelform Will be produced Whether the eccentrics are stationary or not.

rlhe only object in employing the combination of eccentrics, or, as theymay be termed, compound eccentrics C D, is to enable a greater or lessdegree of taper to be produced-in other words, to vary the maximum andminimum thicknesses produced. Were it not for this a single' or simpleeccentric might be applied to each journal, its interior tting thejournal and its exterior the fixed bearing in the housings, and I shouldcon sider this as in a measure the equivalent ot the compound eccentric.

I do not claim, broadly, the alternate raising and lowering of one ormore of the rollers in rolling-mills for the purpose of producingwedge-shaped Work, for I am aware that it is common to place the ends ofrollers in sliding frames and to depress or elevate the latter byseparate cams.

WhatI claim as my invention,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is;

The application of eccentrics C D to the journals a of rolling-millrollers in the manner and for the purposes substantially as herein shownand described.

JOHN A. BAILEY. IVitnesses:

JOHN H. WELLEs, B. L. ALEXANDER.

